bipolar mania
If you are seriously interested in learning about bipolar disorder, you need to think beyond the basics. This informative article has a look at things you need to know about what being bipolar.
Bipolar illness has two different ways. Bipolar I Disorder, formerly called manic-depressive characterizes patients who experience episodes of mania and depression or mania only. Any episode may be manic, depressive, or mixed. The Diagnostic Manual and Statistical of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) provides specific criteria for both mania and depression. A diagnosis of mania requires a duration not set of illness or disability. For a diagnosis of depression, however, symptoms must last at least two weeks.
A patient who has mainly episodes of depression and hypomania (the same symptoms of mania, but without social impairment) who receive a diagnosis of bipolar II disorder, a much more common in women. These diseases typically begin with a depressive episode.
Thirty percent of patients who have symptoms of the disease Bipolar I first experience as teenagers. In the usual course, episodes of illness are followed by periods of wellness (euthymic), initially marked by years but later settled into a pattern that is often seasonal. Depression can be very chronic and constant suicide is the most serious potential consequence. Despite new treatments and success, about 12% of the manic-depressive suicide victims, most often during the depressive phase of the disease.
Research has shown that genetic factors play an important role in the etiology of bipolar disorder. Biochemical, neurophysiological, and alterations in sleep have been reported, but none seems specific for bipolar disorder. No one knows how recurrent unipolar depression, bipolar disorder and bipolar II related. Furthermore, many studies identify bipolar patients, but does not specify whether the patient is in the depressive, manic, mixed or state much less if the patient is manic or hypomanic when studying.
The information on bipolar disorder is presented here to do one of two things: either will reinforce what you know about this disorder or teach you something new. Both are good results.
Bipolar disorder is a recurrent disease. A few people are lucky to have only two or three episodes, but the average patient is over 10. Studies have found that depressive episodes in bipolar disorder are shorter than depressive episodes in unipolar illness. Unfortunately, however, some bipolar patients, chronic depressions. Between 15% and 20% of patients Bipolar rapid cycling experience, defined as four or more episodes of depression, mania or hypomania in a year.
Psychological treatment can not be achieved when a patient with bipolar disorder is a manic state. The patient will be very talkative, irritating, sexually aroused, over-confident, expansive, and totally devoid of insight and wisdom. Given the mood lifted, the patient does not feel the need to vehemently refuse treatment and care. This is particularly evident with respect to a spouse. If your practice is a spouse who suddenly becomes very derogatory and accusatory towards the couple, consider mania. A history of depressive episodes will help make the diagnosis. The treatment, usually on an inpatient basis, it is imperative for a patient with mania.
The best treatment for a manic episode is lithium, the oldest stabilizing mood. Neuroleptics are also extremely useful for the treatment of mania. How to treat depression, however, is still an open question. Although most experts agree it is better to try to avoid antidepressants, or for use in the short term, it is difficult to do in practice. The monoamine oxidase inhibitor tranylcypromine has been shown be more effective than imipramine, tricyclic antidepressant. Drugs other MAO, phenelzine and isocarboxazid, also seems useful. Patients should follow a diet especially with these drugs. Clearly, patients do better in the treatment of depressive episodes if you also take a mood stabilizer.
In addition treatment for mania and depression, a mood stabilizer is indicated for the long-term maintenance. A 40 last year longitudinal study bipolar disorder found that mood stabilizers and atypical antipsychotics (in this case, mostly clozapine) proved to be the best combination for prevent suicide.
Now you can be a trusted expert in bipolar disorder. Well, maybe not an expert. But you must have something to bring to the table the next Once you join a discussion on this particular issue.
About the Author:
Pj Germain
Article Source: ArticlesBase.com – The Bipolar Disorder
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